Beginner guide

German A1 Vocabulary Guide: Essential Words by Topic

Which German words should you learn first? This guide organizes the essential A1 vocabulary by topic (greetings, numbers, family, food, common verbs, and question words) with example sentences you can use from day one, and a simple routine for making every word stick.

Written by the German with Levels team · Last updated:

Why vocabulary comes first

Words carry meaning. Even with very little grammar, knowing the right words lets you understand and be understood. This is why German with Levels teaches vocabulary first, in small batches, before adding grammar.

A strong word base also makes grammar easier later. When you study a rule with words you already know, you only focus on the rule, not on new words at the same time. If you want the reasoning in full, read why beginners should learn German words before grammar.

Essential German A1 words by topic

For A1, focus on the words you will actually use every day. Here are the core topics, each with examples you can say out loud right now. Nouns are listed with their article (der/die/das). Learn them together from the start.

Greetings and polite words

GermanEnglishExample
hallohelloHallo, wie geht’s? (Hello, how are you?)
dankethank youDanke schön! (Thank you very much!)
bitteplease / you’re welcomeEin Wasser, bitte. (One water, please.)
tschüssbyeTschüss, bis morgen! (Bye, see you tomorrow!)
Entschuldigungexcuse me / sorryEntschuldigung, wo ist der Bahnhof? (Excuse me, where is the station?)

Numbers, days, and time

GermanEnglishExample
eins, zwei, dreione, two, threeZwei Kaffee, bitte. (Two coffees, please.)
der MontagMondayHeute ist Montag. (Today is Monday.)
heutetodayHeute habe ich Zeit. (I have time today.)
morgentomorrowBis morgen! (See you tomorrow!)
die ZeittimeIch habe keine Zeit. (I have no time.)

Family and people

GermanEnglishExample
die MuttermotherMeine Mutter heißt Anna. (My mother’s name is Anna.)
der VaterfatherMein Vater arbeitet viel. (My father works a lot.)
der BruderbrotherIch habe einen Bruder. (I have a brother.)
die SchwestersisterMeine Schwester ist klein. (My sister is little.)
das KindchildDas Kind spielt. (The child is playing.)

Food and drink

GermanEnglishExample
das WasserwaterIch trinke Wasser. (I drink water.)
das BrotbreadDas Brot ist frisch. (The bread is fresh.)
der KaffeecoffeeDer Kaffee ist heiß. (The coffee is hot.)
der ApfelappleIch esse einen Apfel. (I am eating an apple.)
essen / trinkento eat / to drinkWas isst du? (What are you eating?)

Common verbs

GermanEnglishExample
seinto beIch bin müde. (I am tired.)
habento haveIch habe Zeit. (I have time.)
gehento goWir gehen nach Hause. (We are going home.)
machento do / to makeWas machst du? (What are you doing?)
kommento comeIch komme aus der Türkei. (I come from Turkey.)
sprechento speakIch spreche ein bisschen Deutsch. (I speak a little German.)

Question words

GermanEnglishExample
werwhoWer ist das? (Who is that?)
waswhatWas ist das? (What is that?)
wowhereWo wohnst du? (Where do you live?)
wannwhenWann kommst du? (When are you coming?)
wiehowWie heißt du? (What is your name?)
warumwhyWarum lernst du Deutsch? (Why are you learning German?)

Everyday nouns

GermanEnglishExample
das HaushouseDas Haus ist groß. (The house is big.)
die ArbeitworkDie Arbeit beginnt um neun. (Work starts at nine.)
der TagdayDer Tag ist lang. (The day is long.)
die StadtcityDie Stadt ist schön. (The city is beautiful.)
das AutocarDas Auto ist neu. (The car is new.)

These words appear again and again in everyday German, so they give you the most value early on. If you want an even more compact starting set, begin with the first 100 German words for beginners.

How to make German words stick

Learn in small batches. A few words at a time is easier to remember than a long list.

Test yourself. Word tests show you which words you truly know and which need more review.

Review what you forget. Use a dictionary or words section to look up and review words you lose.

Hear and say the words. Listening and speaking practice connect each word to sound and use, not just spelling.

See words in context. Short stories show your known words inside real sentences.

A simple daily routine (about 15 minutes)

  • Pick one topic and learn 5–8 new words, always with their article.
  • Say each word out loud once: sound plus spelling beats spelling alone.
  • Write one short sentence with your favorite new word.
  • The next day, test yesterday’s words before adding new ones.
  • Once a week, review the whole week’s words and mark the ones you forgot.

German nouns and gender

German nouns have a gender: der (masculine), die (feminine), or das (neuter). It is a good habit to learn each noun with its article, for example “das Brot” instead of just “Brot.” This makes grammar easier later because the gender is part of the word from the start.

Turning vocabulary into sentences

Once you know a batch of words, you can begin to build simple sentences. With “ich” (I), “haben” (to have), and “Zeit” (time), you can say “Ich habe Zeit” (I have time). This is the bridge from vocabulary to grammar: you use known words to learn how German sentences work. When you are ready for that step, see how to learn German grammar with words you already know.

Start learning these words today. Download German with Levels and get exactly these A1 topics as small, tested word batches, then grammar lessons built from the words you just learned. You can also see how the method works step by step.

Frequently asked questions

How many words do I need to know for German A1?

A1 needs a basic everyday vocabulary. The exact number varies by source, so it is better to learn common words well than to chase a fixed count.

What are the most important German words to learn first?

Start with greetings, numbers, family words, food words, common verbs like sein and haben, and question words. These appear most often in daily life.

Should I learn German nouns with their articles?

Yes. Learning “der,” “die,” or “das” with each noun makes grammar easier later, because the gender is part of the word.

What is the best way to remember German vocabulary?

Learn in small batches, test yourself, review what you forget, and see words in context through listening, speaking, and short stories.

Should I learn German vocabulary by topic or by frequency?

Both work together. Topics keep related words connected in your memory, and the most frequent words appear in every topic anyway. This guide combines the two: frequent words, grouped by topic.

Does German with Levels help with vocabulary?

Yes. It teaches words in focused batches, includes word tests, and has a dictionary/words section for review.

100 Essential German Words for A1 Beginners How to Learn German A1: A Step-by-Step Study Plan German A2 Vocabulary Guide: Essential Words by Topic Why Beginners Should Learn German Words Before Grammar

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